Community-based organisations in Tanzania and development theory generation

Abstract

The paper attempts to respond to the need of theorising on civic organisations in Tanzania as identified in the literature. The analysis of strengths and challenges of People’s Organisations (POs) in Mwanza, Tanzania hinges on qualitative research based on 24 individual interviews with leaders and members of POs, one focus group and five expert interviews. Grounded theory method (GTM) informs this study. Its analysis is modelled on the stages described by Alan Bryman. Findings suggest that POs can make a modest but essential contribution towards development despite organisational, institutional, financial and technical challenges, especially lack of appropriate education and training. Whereas some literature romanticises the role of POs in development, other demonises it. Some scholars also point out a paucity of data as well as lack of theory on POs in Tanzania, creating a research gap to be filled. The analysis of theoretical and empirical data leads to the generation of theory as a logical conclusion of GTM. This theory is referred to as ‘PO development theory’ (PODT). The study recommends quantitative research methods on POs’ contribution to development, using a larger random sample to enhance representativeness. Use of surveys to collect data at the national level, for example, would be appropriate. The study also recommends the coordination of POs as well as the formulation of a national PO policy through the involvement of PO members who are largely untouched in the current national NGO policy.
Key words: People’s organisations, CBOs, theory generation, rural and community development