Péricadites aiguës de l’adulte en milieu cardiologique au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tokoin de Lomé : aspects épidémiologiques et étiologiques à propos de 32 cas

Abstract

Objective: The aim of our study is to describe the epidemiological and diagnostic aspects of the acute pericardial effusion in adults at Tokoin University Teaching Hospital of Lome. Patients and methods: This retrospective and descriptive study was carried out from 1st January 2004 to 31st December 2008 in the department of cardiology at Tokoin Teaching Hospital of Lome. It has concerned in-patients suffering from acute pericardial effusion with ultrasonic confirmation.
Results: The study has included 32 in-patients, with a mean age of 39.16 + 4.2 years. The male-female ratio was 0.5. The frequency of acute pericardial effusion was 6.4 cases a year. Dyspnea and chest pain were the main complaints in 75% cases. Pericardial rub has been noted in 43.7% cases with an evolution to cardiac tamponade in 21.9% cases. Cardiomegaly has been observed in 90.6%. Typical stage III T wave inversions has been noted in 50% of cases. HIV seroprevalence was 52.9%. Aetiologies were tuberculosis (43.8%) associated or not to HIV.
Conclusion: Incidence of acute pericardial effusion was raised from years 90 in the same way that HIV/AIDS infection was raising. Tuberculosis and VIH were the main aetiologies.

Keywords: Pericardial effusion, HIV, tuberculosis, Tokoin University Teaching Hospital of Lome.

J. Rech. Sci. Univ. Lomé (Togo), 2012, Série D, 14(1) : 1-9