Incidence, circonstances de decouverte, et prise en charge des communications interventriculaires (civ) au Togo.

Abstract

The epidemiological aspect of the CIV is badly known our countries. More over their takeover often gives a problem in one part with the reason of povety of the population in other part almost inexistence
of a specialised centre in this area.

Objective: describe the incidence of the CIV in childwood in Togo ; analyse the circumstances of their discovery and evaluate their takeover.
Methodology: We have proceded retrospective study covering a period of 13 years. (I January 1990 to 31 December 2002) on 196 files of children who have benefitted the Service of Medico-Surgical care
and the Sanitary transfer of nongourvement organisation (Terre des Hommes). The out come have been treated by computer.
Resultats and discussion: During this period the incidence of the CIV have increased progressively (7.7% in 1990 39.13% in 2002). These represented 25% of the Congenital Cardiopathys taken over by
(Terre des Hommes). The sex ratio is 1.58 in favour of boys. The average age is of 3.8 +/- 2 years. The effort dyspnea (75.5%). The brancho pulmonary infection (55.10%) and retardement of growth (36.73%) were the principal cause of consultation. The Systolique souffle, the sound of the B2 in the pulmonary chamber the tachycardia, the polypnea, the deformation of the thorax,  he enlargement of the base of the heart have been the dominating physical Sings with respectively 93.88%, 75%, 63.26%, 51.02%, 40.81%. The Rx of the heart (tele coeur) have noted a cardiomegaly in 39 patients which is 79.59%. The “Echo-Doppler” have confirmed the CIV in all the cases. The form of CIV has been precised in 39 patients (small form in 9 cases, middle form in cases, large CIV in 19 cases).

In conclusion: The CIV are the frequent CC in Togo. Their incidence increase progressively with the comming of the Cardiac Echo-Doppler. The discovery is done lately at the complication stage. In front of every cardiac souffle, “Echo-Doppler should be to enable early diagnosis of the CIV. This will permits their early surgical take over which is only in abroad.