Sinusites maxillaires chroniques aspects epidemiologique, diagnostique et therapeutique (Etude prospective a propos de 70 cas colliges a l’hopital national de Nyame)

Abstract

Introduction and objectives: The chronic maxillary sinusitis represents 5-25% of sinuated complaints. Its development is the outcome of a long infectious and inflammatory process of the maxillary sinusitis. One has to know how to detect and treat it in time. The bibliography on this pathology is poor in Niger. In this situation it appeared to us necessary to carry out a prospective study on its epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects in order to complete the local and regional literature on this subject. Methodology: This is a prospective study carried out on 70 patients over a period of 4 months in the ENT Department of the Hôpital National de Nyamé (Niger).
Results: The average age of the patients was 32 years (7-99 years).The sex ratio was 1.12. Majority of the patients came from Nyamé (64.29%). These patients had been treated without success in 87.14% cases. The average period for consultation was long: 5.14 years (1-11 years). Nasal obstruction (91.43%) and chronic rhinorrhoea (75.75%) were the principal reasons for consultation. The etiological factors were nasal (72.86%) and dental (25.71%). The X-ray showed that the opacity in frame dominated (50%) followed by the total opacity of the maxillary sinus (44.29%). The seat was bilateral in 68% cases. The treatment was medical with 55.71% of the patients. A puncture drainage of the maxillary sinus was associated in 41.43% cases.
Conclusion: The diagnosis of the chronic maxillary sinusitis is clinical, radiological and endoscopic. The etiological factors have to be found out and treated. In almost half of the cases, a surgical gesture has to
be associated with the medical treatment.