Anatomical studies of leaf and stem of Euphorbia graminea (Jacq) (Euphorbiaceae)

Abstract

Euphorbia graminea jacq. belongs to the family, Euphorbiaceae. The present investigation was carried out to determine anatomical features of the leaf and stem of Euphorbia graminea. Fresh leaf and stem of E. graminea were collected at Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria Ibadan. Fresh plant specimens were used for this species. Sample of leaf was macerated in concentrated Trioxonitrate(v) Acid for 2-4 hours. The sample was transferred to water in Petri-dish while the abaxial and adaxial epidermis, the sample were carefully separated using forceps and dissecting needle .The use of light microscope revealed that stomata only occurred on the lower surface of the plant. It also revealed the presence of trichomes on the lower surface of the leaf. The Transverse sections of the stem revealed the structural arrangements in the stem,the root hair, the epidermis, pholem, the xylem, and anticlinical cuticles. The characters observed in E. graminea are diagnostic enough to separate the species and distinguish even when they are sterile and in fragmentary condition. The anticlinical cell walls such as undulate pattern are present.

Keywords: Anatomy, E. graminea, Anticlinal cuticles, stomata, Epidermis