Energy properties and fuel potentials of selected indigenously processed bio-resources used as sources of sustainable fuel in north central Nigeria

Abstract

The stems of two matured shrubby plants identified as Vernonia colorata (wild bitterleaf) and Hibiscus canabinus (kenaf) were studied for their energy properties and fuel potentials. The two samples were collected, dried and pulverized. The volatile combustible compounds believed to be responsible for the bright flame produced on combustion were determined. Also determined in the two samples were the physical energy properties which include; fixed carbon, ash content, ultimate values, calorific value, moisture contents (MC). These parameters provide a rough estimate of the heating value of a fuel biomass and acts as the main heat generators during combustion. They were low in the samples when compared with charcoal used for heating purposes, indicating they may not be used for such purposes. Meanwhile, the gases emitted by these plant materials on combustion were detected using multigas detector (Altair 5x Multigas). The results obtained indicate the concentrations of CO, SO₂ and H₂S gases emitted from the processed bioresources after subjecting them to combustion, averaged 680.25mg/m³, 3.13mg/m³ and 4.40mg/m³ respectively, which indicated they were within acceptable standard limits, suggesting using them is environmentally friendly. The technology employed in making the plants provide more sustainable fuel for the light normally boost the bio resources to expose the volatile contents of the substances provide the needed bright flame.

Keyboard: Energy, fuel, bio-resources, sustainable fuel