The impact of infrastructure on the economic growth of a sample of developed countries Standard study for the period 2001-2021

Abstract

This study aims to measure the impact of infrastructure on the economic growth of a sample of developed countries for the period  (2001-2021). Using panel data models, we found through static analysis that a fixed-effects model is appropriate, and that an increase in  Mobile cellular telephone subscriptions, Fixed-telephone, and railway lead to a decrease in GDP per capita growth, and an increase in  fixedbroadband subscriptions, air transport, and container port traffic lead to an increase in per capita growth. Not only that, but with  regard to the dynamic analysis, the study concluded that the method of estimating the Instrumented variables (IV) is the most  appropriate in the study, as it turned out that the parameter of the second difference for the dependent variable is less than one, which  means that the model is accepted and important, which is the basic condition for estimating such a kind of models. The increase in both  the first dif erence for fixed-line telephone subscriptions and the first dif erence for railways led to a decrease in the first difference for  per capita growth. The increase in the second difference in the growth of per capita GDP and the first dif erence in mobile cellular  subscriptions and the first dif erence in air transport, the first dif erence in the movement of transport in container ports, leads to an  increase in the first difference in per capita growth.