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Main Article Content
Fatal journeys of displaced African migrants crossing the mediterranean: International and regional effort and response
Abstract
Global forced displacement reached an unprecedented high of 65.6 million people in 2016, according to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. The Mediterranean Sea has claimed the lives of thousands of displaced migrants, many of whom are children and women fleeing war, harsh climatic conditions and poverty. The United Nations, African Union and the European Union have legal apparatuses to guide efforts and responses to the fatal journeys of Africans crossing the Mediterranean. Lack of safe and legal pathways increases displaced migrants’ vulnerability to smuggling, sexual exploitation and other forms of human rights abuses. This paper examines international and regional institutions’ efforts and responses in grappling with the enforcement and implementation of effective law and policy to address the migration crisis. The limitations of empirical data and scholarly research challenge in-depth examination of fatal journeys across the Mediterranean. By the same token, a shortage of material on the topic provides an opportunity to advance research with focus on the efficacy of national, regional and sub-regional migration law and policy.
