Pharmacogenomics : tailoring drug therapy to individual patients Pharmacogenomics

Abstract

Pharmacogenomics, the study of how individual genetic variations influence drug response, holds tremendous potential for personalized medicine. This comprehensive literature review explores the current landscape of pharmacogenomics, focusing on its role in tailoring drug therapy to individual patients. The introduction provides an overview of pharmacogenomics, its definition, and historical development. The subsequent sections delve into key subtopics, including the influence of pharmacogenomic variants on drug metabolism, the identification of genetic biomarkers for drug efficacy and safety, pharmacogenomic testing approaches, and clinical applications in various healthcare settings. Ethical, legal, and social implications (ELSI) surrounding pharmacogenomics are discussed, along with future directions and challenges in this field. Through a meticulous analysis of existing research articles, clinical guidelines, and reviews, this literature review highlights the significance of pharmacogenomics in optimizing drug therapy, improving patient outcomes, and fostering the era of precision medicine.