In vitro antiviral activity of Orthosiphon stamineus extract against dengue virus type 2

Abstract

In this study, Orthosiphon stamineus aqueous leaves extract was tested against dengue virus type 2. Cytotoxicity screening against Vero cells using MTT assay showed that the CC50 values for extract is 5 mg/ml. The antiviral activity towards Dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) was investigated by observing the morphological changes, which were further confirmed the cellular viability evaluated by MTT technique. The selective indices (SI = CC50 / EC50) for the extract is 13. These results demonstrate that the extract prepared from O. stamineus possesses phytochemical compound that was non cytotoxic to the cell with potential antiviral activity. These species are good candidates for further activity-monitored fractionation to identify active principles.

Keywords: DENV-2, Orthosiphon stamineus; MTT assay; dengue virus 2; non cytotoxic