Patterns of distal humeral fractures among Nigerians: A radiologic study

Abstract

Background: Fractures of the distal humerus constitute between 0.5% and 2% of all fractures, and about one‑third of fractures around the elbow joint. This study was aimed at classifying the patterns of distal humeral fractures among Nigerians.

Materials and Methods: The study was carried out retrospectively at the Department of Medical Records, National Orthopedic Hospital, Igbobi, Lagos State, Nigeria. Plain films of X‑ray (both anteroposterior and lateral views) that were taken between 2007 and 2012. The films were from a total number of 144 patients of ages ranging from birth to 100 years (0–100 years), comprising of 88 males and 56 females. Distal humeral fractures were classified according to Müller’s classification for the Association for the Study of Internal Fixation. Comparisons of the patterns of distal humeral fractures were made between the sexes, sides affected, age groups, and causes of the fractures.

Results: The results showed that the most frequent type of distal humeral fractures was extra‑articular fractures (50.7% [73/144]) followed by partial articular fractures (31.9% [46/144]), while the least frequent was complete articular fractures (17.4% [25/144]).

Conclusion: This study shows to a great extent that there is a pattern for distal humeral fractures among Nigerians. This type of epidemiologic studies offers important data that contributes to improvement in fracture management and treatment.

Keywords: Distal, fractures, humerus, Nigerians, pattern