Chorangioma of Placenta with High Risk Pregnancy: A Case Series

Abstract

Chorangioma is the most common benign tumor of placenta, with an incidence of approximately 1%. Tumors larger than 5 cm are associated with maternal and fetal complications. We report four cases of chorangioma that were identified in mostly primigravida (75%) with a mean gestational age of 33 wks (Range 28-33 wks). All except one case, complete placenta was received with mean weight of 550 g (Range 400-800 g) and tumor size of 9.4 cm (Range 0.5-23 cm). Microscopy showed capillary proliferation resembling fetal vessels in enlarged villi covered by trophoblastic epithelium. Three cases had preterm delivery. One also presented with abruptio placenta and intrauterine fetal death. Because of limited documentation of cases and dismal prognosis of these pregnancies, especially with large chorangiomas, it’s of utmost importance to correctly diagnose them with the aid of color Doppler flow. In this series, 75% of cases (3/4), babies survived probably due to small size of tumor and attainment of fetal maturity.

Keywords: Chorangioma, placenta, placental tumor, vascular tumor

Key Messages: Even though chorangioma is the most common tumor of placenta, tumors arising from placenta are rare. Because of dismal prognosis of these pregnancies with large lesions, it’s important to correctly diagnose them with the aid of color Doppler flow. This case series demonstrates the need for awareness of such lesions.