Assessment of the Levels of Immune Cells Ratios, Malaria Parasite Density, Anthropometric and Blood Pressure in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus and Malaria Co-Morbidity attending Diabetic Clinic at a Tertiary Hospital in Nnewi, Anambra State, Ni

Abstract

Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is caused by defective insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells and the inability of insulin-sensitive tissues to respond appropriately to insulin. Hence, the objective of this paper was to investigate the levels of immune cells ratios, malaria parasite density, anthropometric and blood pressure levels in individuals with T2DM and malaria co-morbidity attending the diabetic clinic at a tertiary Hospital in Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria using appropriate standard techniques for a total of 200 participants aged between 30 and 75.Results showed the mean BMI was significantly lower (p<0.05) in T2DM with and without MP and control group than in MP group alone while there was significantly higher mean SBP, DBP levels in T2DM with and without MP compared to MP group alone and control group (p<0.05) respectively. Furthermore, the mean PD was significantly higher in T2DM with MP compared to T2DM without MP, MP group alone and control group (p<0.05) while neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-lymphocyte ratio was higher in T2DM with and without MP and MP alone than in control group (p<0.05) respectively. Thus, this study revealed that MP could worsen the severity of T2DM via alteration in immune cell ratios and blood pressure.