Biotyping and Serological Characterization of Yersinia enterocolitica Isolates In Human and Pigs in Selected Farms and Hospital in Shango Community, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria

Abstract

Biotyping and serotyping are essential medical investigations is used to characterize different bacteria types based on reaction to biochemical tests, while serology is used to checks for the presence of antibodies or other substances in blood sample. Therefore, the objective of this study is the biotyping and serological characterization of Yersinia enterocolitica isolates in human and pigs in selected farms and hospitals in Shango Community, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria using standard methods.Slide agglutination technique yielded serotype occurrenceof Yersinia enterocoliticaas A(3), B(31), C(4) and D(7), while Commercial Latex Agglutination Kit (CLAK) gave serotypesA(0:3), B(0:5), C(0:8) and 1of the 6 D  isolates were serotype 0:9.Yersinia enterocoliticaisolates were identified as biotypes 1A (38), 2(4), 4(3), serotypes 0:3, 0:5, 0:8 and 0:9 while 6(E) were non-typable.The biotyping of 15 Y. enterocolitica isolatesfrom the human faecal samples yielded eleven Y. enterocolitica isolatesbelonging to biotype 1A, one Y. enterocolitica isolates of biotype 2 and three Y. enterocolitica isolates of biotype 4. The Y. enterocolitica isolatesfrom the pig’s faecal samples were found to belong to the following biotypes: twenty-seven Y. enterocolitica isolatesof biotype 1A, three Y. enterocolitica isolatesbiotype 2.Higher frequency of biotype 1A is an indication of possibility of yersiniosis in the studied areas i.e presence of pathogenicY. enterocolitica isolates.The serological typing of the Y. enterocolitica isolates from the faecal samples of the diarrhoeic patients were found to contained three 0:3 serotype, ten 0:5 serotype, one 0:8 serotype and one 0:9 serotype. The serological typing of the Y. enterocolitica isolates from the faecal samples of the pigs were found to contained twenty-one 0:5 serotype, three 0:8 serotype and six un-typable. The serotype 0:3 found in this study from the human isolates is an indication of presence of acute human yersiniosis in the studied area. It is suggested that antisera specific for each species of Y.enterocolitica be used in sero-analysis.