Multi-trait animal model analysis of body weight and linear traits in Nigerian local chickens: A selection index approach

Abstract

This study evaluates the growth performance and linear measurements of Nigerian local chickens, utilizing a multi-trait animal model and selection index approach to enhance breeding strategies and from 6 to 12 weeks of age, focusing on body weight, body length, shank length, and wing length. Data summary statistics include mean, standard deviation, minimum, maximum values, and coefficient of variation (CV%) across various traits. This reveals a consistent growth trend with body weight increasing from 257.98g at 6 weeks to 620.75g at 12 weeks. Low standard deviations at later ages indicate a uniformity in size and weight, influenced by genetic factors and management practices. However, variability in weights, especially at 8 weeks, suggests genetic and nutritional diversity within the flock. Linear measurements similarly show significant growth, with body length rising from 25.91 to 37.45cm. The heritability estimates for body weight and linear traits indicate moderate heritability, suggesting potential for genetic improvement through selective breeding. Variance analyses reveal high additive genetic variance at 6 weeks, reflecting the impact of genetic factors on growth. By 12 weeks, variances decline, suggesting stabilization in growth influences. Correlations between traits remain strong at earlier ages but weaken by 12 weeks, with negative correlations emerging for body weight and body length, indicating potential shifts in resource allocation as the chickens mature. Overall, the findings emphasize the importance of genetic and environmental factors in enhancing the growth and productivity of Nigerian local chickens, providing critical insights for future breeding strategies.