Examining the economic consequences of post-harvest losses in smallholder onion farming in Kano State, Nigeria

Abstract

Post-harvest losses posed a formidable challenge in the onion supply chain, affecting farmers, marketers, and consumers. This study aimed to analyse the extent of post-harvest losses and identify the key factors that contributed to these losses in the onion supply chain. Employing a multi-stage sampling technique, specific Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Kano State were selected based on their high concentration of onion production activities - Kura, Bunkure, and Garun Malam. Descriptive statistics and the Post-Harvest Loss Estimation model (PHLE) were utilized to analyse the collected data. Data were obtained from a sample of 195 onion producers, 54 wholesalers, and 127 retailers in the study area. The findings underscored that post-harvest losses occurred at various stages of the onion supply chain, including harvesting, transportation, and marketing. The study highlighted the strategies employed by producers and marketers to mitigate these losses, such as adopting careful harvesting techniques, utilizing appropriate transportation vehicles, and implementing effective storage practices. However, it was worth noting that the adoption of post-harvest technologies and strategies remained relatively low. Market-related factors, including pricing dynamics and market infrastructure, also exerted influence on post-harvest losses. The study employed a conceptual framework that emphasized the interplay between pre-harvest factors, harvest and post-harvest activities, and market-related factors in determining the extent of losses. This study highlighted the imperative for a comprehensive and integrated approach to address post-harvest losses in the onion supply chain. Implementing targeted interventions and enhancing awareness among stakeholders can significantly reduce post-harvest losses and improve the overall efficiency of the onion supply chain, ensuring sustainable production and food security.