Hypolipidemic and Antioxidant Activity of Camel Milk on Poloxamer-Induced Hyperlipidemia in Rats

Abstract

Background: Hyperlipidemia has been implicated as the major risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. The current hypothesis suggests oxidative stress as an underlying mechanism through which hyperlipidemia provoke degenerative diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate the ameliorative and antioxidant effect of camel milk on poloxamer 407 (P407) induced hyperlipidemia in albino rats. Methods: Thirty male wistar rats were subdivided into six groups (Group 1-6) with each containing five animals (n=5). Group 1 served as normal control, while Groups 2-6 were induced with Poloxamer 407 intra peritoneally twice a week for three weeks. Group 2 served as hyperlipidemic untreated, group 3 was co-administered with atorvastatin tablet 20mg/kg orally and groups 4, 5 and 6 were co-administered with camel milk at a dose of 250mg/kg, 500mg/kg and 1000mg/kg respectively via oral route. After three weeks, blood samples determination of Total cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride(TG), High Density Lipoprotein (LDL), Low Density Lipoprotein(LDL), Malondialdhyde (MDA), Catalase(CAT) Superoxide Dismutase(SOD) and Gluthatione Peroxidase(GPx) were carried out. Results: Total cholesterol was significantly (p< 0.05) decreased in group treated with camel milk at 1000mg/kg (174.68 ±46.92 mg/dl), treatment with camel milk doses 250mg/kg(63.57±6.34mg/dl), 500mg/kg (45.07±3.13mg/dl), 1000mg/kg (91.38±5.52mg/dl) significantly (p<0.05) reduced high triglyceride level induced by P407. Camel milk treated group at dose 250mg/kg showed significant increase in HDL (208.72±7.88 mg/dl), while camel milk treated groups 250mg/kg and 1000mg/kg showed significant decrease in LDL; (214.15±21.72mg/dl) and (114.75±42.83mg/dl) respectively. Camel milk significantly (p<0.05) increase in the level of SOD at 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg (9.25±0.51 U/ml and 11.04± 1.14 U/ml) respectively, however, there was no significant (p>0.05) effect on CAT. There was also no significant difference in MDA between all camel milk treated groups and the normal control group. Conclusion: These findings highlight the ameliorative potentials of camel milk in P407 induced hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress of albino rats.