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Aug 20, 2024Keywords:
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Protective effect of hydroethanolic leaves extract of Solanum macrocarpon on Cisplatin-induced kidney injury in rats
Abstract
Background: Nephrotoxicity is a common kidney condition affecting many people worldwide, with conventional synthetic drugs not often yielding desirable results. This study, therefore, aimed to assess the protective effect of Solanum macrocarpon on Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats.
Methods: Hydroethanolic extract of the leaves of S. macrocarpon was prepared and analyzed for basic phytochemical constituents. Cisplatin (5 mg/kg) was administered to induce nephrotoxicity. The extract was administered at 100, 250, and 500 mg/kg for 10 days, and Silymarin standard (120 mg). After 10 days, the rats were sacrificed, and their blood samples and kidneys were collected for biochemical, hematological, and histopathological analyses.
Results: The extract was rich in flavonoids, coumarins, terpenoids, and tannins. The serum levels of urea and creatinine were significantly higher in the Cisplatin group compared to the normal group. However, in the extract co-administered groups, there was a reduction in the urea and creatinine levels relative to the Cisplatin-only group. The kidney microarchitecture also improved with the administration of the extract.
Conclusion: S. macrocarpon extract was effective in treating acute nephrotoxicity caused by Cisplatin at the microarchitectural level of kidneys. This protective effect might be attributed to the phytochemical constituents. The extract's 250mg/kg dose showed the best nephroprotective ability.
