The impact of bats on the greens (landscape features): a case study of Obafemi Awolowo University Campus, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

Abstract

A study was carried out to identify the areas occupied by bat colonies (Eidolon helvum) and to determine the extent and magnitude of damage to trees in Obafemi Awolowo University Campus, Ile-Ife, south western Nigeria. Four 20 x 20 m sample plots were selected. Three plots were in areas affected by bat activities while the fourth plot was in a control area (unaffected by bats).Tree species within each plot were identified, enumerated and the canopy cover, height and tree diameter were determined. The trees in bat affected plots were impacted negatively due to bat resting in large numbers on branches which support the leaves. These actions facilitated  premature defoliation, loss of branches and hence reduction in canopy foliage of such host trees. The main physical plant features/attributes that are negatively impacted are the tree canopy size, canopy cover and height  and this led to the decline in the ability of the trees to provide many environmental and social services that contribute to the quality of life in cities and to serve as effective wind barrier. The ecological impact of the bat species on its environment could ultimately threaten the long-term viability on its roost.

Keywords: Bats, Defoliation, Impact, Roost, Vegetation