International Journal of Development and Management Review

Nigeria military and sustainable development.

2024-07-04T22:52:36+00:00

The study of the Nigeria Military and Sustainable Development was done in retrospect to interrogate the development policies during the period of military regimes as well as The Armed Forces of Nigeria AFN post-1999 policies whether they were sustainable or not. It sought to contribute to knowledge by viewing military development policies through the prism of the fundamental theorems of welfare economics to ascertain the sustainability of the development programmes undertaken by the military in Nigeria. The study adopted conceptual and historical
frameworks for its methodological approach. It relied on the Push and Pull theory as a theoretical framework to explain the study. The study established that the development policies of the military in Nigeria presented a Rawlsian view of policy disposition whereas in practice and implementation, they were largely inspired by the libertarian and utilitarian views. Also, it stated that some of the development policies of the military regimes in Nigeria were sustainable development as far as continuity of policy implementation was concerned but could not be considered as sustainable development in real terms of acceptable global definition because no
considerations were made for future generations in the policies.

Using a vector autoregressive approach on analysing the impact of regional trade on Tanzania economic growth

2024-07-11T04:44:42+00:00

The study focuses on examining the impact that regional trade has on Tanzania's economic growth, using data collected from 1960 to 2021. It also examines the causal relationship between merchandise imports and exports and their effects on Tanzania's GDP growth rate. To establish the causal relationship between merchandise imports and merchandise exports and their impact on GDP growth, a non-experimental research design was employed. The analysis was performed by employing Engle Granger Cointegration, as it helps in ascertaining whether the variable exhibits
long-run relationships. A Vector Auto-Regressive (VAR) model was also utilised, incorporating important macroeconomic variables such as merchandise import and merchandise export. The model's impulse responses are consistent with the gravity theory of trade. The findings indicate a
positive relationship between the rates of merchandise import and export and the growth rate of GDP. Additionally, the lagged growth rate of GDP has an initial positive impact on GDP growth in the current year. The model's impulse responses are consistent with the gravity theory of economics. The findings show a direct correlation between merchandise import and export rates
and GDP growth rates. The study therefore recommends that Tanzania's government should prioritise policy measures that promote exports and foster favourable conditions for imports, as these dynamics contribute to the country's GDP growth.

Relationship between inflation and exchange rate in Tanzania: the vector error correction model

2024-07-09T08:32:21+00:00

The study aims at analyzing the relationship that exists between the inflation rate and the exchange rate in Tanzania. The study uses annual time series data from 1981 up to 2018 and employed Vector Error Correction Model to examine long-run and short-run relationships. The results indicated that both a short-term and a long-term relationship was found. Therefore, the government of Tanzania is required to control the inflation rate through the proper use of fiscal and monetary policy effectively to control the inflation rate in Tanzania. This will affect the exchange rate in Tanzania. Granger causality test also shows that the inflation rate influences the exchange rate in Tanzania and through the use of a CUSUM square test it shows that the model lies within a 5 per cent level. Based on the findings, it is recommended that the Tanzanian government should implement stringent fiscal and monetary policies to maintain low inflation rates. By stabilizing the inflation
rate, the government can positively influence the exchange rate, thus ensuring economic stability. Future research should explore additional macroeconomic variables that may affect this relationship to provide a more comprehensive understanding. Moreover, continuous monitoring and adjustment of these policies are essential to adapt to the dynamic economic environment. Overall, maintaining a stable inflation rate is crucial for the favorable management of the exchange rate, which in turn supports sustainable economic growth in Tanzania.

A systematic review of digital technology adoption in small and medium-sized enterprises: implications for performance in developing countries

2024-07-09T08:50:08+00:00

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are crucial for economic development, yet they face resource constraints and regulatory limitations. The advent of digital technologies presents transformative opportunities for SMEs, enabling them to overcome traditional obstacles and enhance performance, growth, innovation, and social inclusion. This systematic review examines the impact of digital technology adoption on SME performance in developing countries. The study utilized a systematic search strategy to retrieve pertinent literature from electronic databases from 2017 to 2023. Results reveal that adopting digital technology enhances SME performance across the operational, financial, market, and customer relationship metrics. These findings have implications for policymakers and practitioners, emphasizing the importance of promoting digital technology adoption among SMEs through supportive policies, training, and infrastructure.

The effects of owner-managers' behavioural patterns on investment decisions among small-scale recycling firms in Tanzania

2024-07-16T07:51:09+00:00

Owner-managers make decisions on behalf of their firms. This study used cross-sectional data toinvestigate how owner-manager's behavioural factors influence investment decisions in terms of choice of recycling investments, share of recycling investment in the portfolio, and level of diversification in the waste recycling sector. Three analytical techniques were employed to analyse the data: the multivariate probit model to explore the effects of owner-manager's behavioural factors on the choice of specific waste recycling investments, multiple linear regression analysis to determine their influence on waste recycling investment share, and an ordered logistic regression model to study their effects on levels of diversification within the recycling investment portfolio. The results indicate that investors’ attitudes and subjective norms significantly affect both their choice of specific waste recycling investments and the level of diversification within the
recycling investment portfolio, while perceived behavioural control significantly affects the decision on waste recycling investment share. The research did not find evidence that attitude and subjective norms affect investment share nor that perceived behavioural control affects investment
choice and the level of diversification. These findings highlight the importance of considering owner-manager's behavioural factors in promoting sustainable and effective investment strategies in the waste recycling sector. Policymakers should develop programs to enhance positive attitudes toward waste recycling investments. Additionally, training programs for owner-managers should focus on increasing perceived behavioural control by improving access to resources and skills. Furthermore, social influence campaigns could be leveraged to strengthen the subjective norms supporting waste recycling investments.