Analytical assessment of the socio-economic dynamics of the bush fallow agricultural system in Sierra Leone

Abstract

This study focuses on socio-economic dynamics of fallow agriculture in rural farming communities in Sierra Leone, addressing two objectives: to determine the impacts of socio-economic status of farming households on the fallow cycles and fallow activities; and assess the level of income and benefits from fallow agriculture compared to other local forms of livelihoods. Data was obtained through questionnaires and interviews to 120 experienced fallow farmers across six communities. The data was analysed using Spearman’s Correlation and Generalised Linear Modelling. About 60.4% respondents lack any formal education, and 21 – 50 was most active age group. Household size was found to be strongly correlated with the proportion of household involved in other farms of employment (r² = 0.815; p < 0.05) and declines with remoteness to nearest urban settlement (r² = 0.857; p < 0.01). Access to extra labour was influenced by household socioeconomic status (F = 13.45; p < 0.01) and value of farm assets. Average annual farm income was strongly correlated with relative benefits from farms and fallows (r² = 0.8340; p < 0.05). Petty trading contributed significantly to alternative incomes. Lack of access to credit facilities and extension services are hampering farmers’ ability to sustainably manage farms and fallows.