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Inventaire et distribution des principaux arthropodes ravageurs du manioc (Manihot esculenta CRANTZ) au Tchad
Abstract
Le manioc joue un rôle important dans l'alimentation des populations. Cependant les ravageurs constituent une contrainte à sa production. Dans le but d’identifier les arthropodes ravageurs du manioc (M. esculenta) et d’étudier leur distribution, une étude a été réalisée au Tchad. Les échantillonnages ont été effectués dans les sites de Kobdogue, Moya, Faya et Yaroungou. Tous les ravageurs rencontrés ont été récoltés et identifiés. Huit espèces de ravageurs ont été répertoriées : Phenacoccus manihoti, Bemisia tabaci, Mononychellus tanajoa, Zonocerus variegatus, Odontotermes sp aff erraticus, Aromia moschata, Camponotus ligniperda et Panonychus ulmi. La cochenille farineuse (P. manihoti) a été observée dans tous les sites. Elle est plus importante à Faya (50,76%) et à Kobdogue (31,64%). L’acarien vert M. tanajoa et la mouche blanche B. tabaci, sont respectivement plus importants à Kobdogue (50,63% et 39,17%) et à Faya (18,98% et 24,62%). La variété Ngaloum nguegdje est la plus attaquée par les ravageurs : la cochenille farineuse (n = 14087), l’acarien vert (n = 524) et la mouche blanche (n = 3102) comparée à la variété Kangaba respectivement (n = 3042), (n = 229) et (n = 1675). Ces résultats permettront d’adapter une stratégie de gestion des arthropodes ravageurs du manioc au Tchad.
© 2018 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.
Mots clés: Manihot esculenta, bio-agresseurs, Phenacoccus manihoti, Mononychellus tanajoa, Bemisia tabaci, Afrique centrale
English Title: Inventory and distribution of the main arthropod pests of cassava (Manihot esculenta CRANTZ) in Chad
English Abstract
Cassava plays an important role in the diet of the population. However, pests are a constraint to its production. In order to identify arthropod pests of cassava (M. esculenta) and study their distribution, a study was carried out in Chad. Sampling was carried out at the sites of Kobdogue, Moya, Faya and Yaroungou. All pests encountered were harvested and identified. Eight pest species have been identified: Phenacoccus manihoti, Bemisia tabaci, Mononychellus tanajoa, Zonocerus variegatus, Odontotermes sp aff erraticus, Aromia moschata, Camponotus ligniperda and Panonychus ulmi. The mealybug (P. manihoti) was observed at all sites. It is higher in Faya (50.76%) and Kobdogue (31.64%). The green mite M. tanajoa and the white fly B. tabaci are more important in Kobdogue (50.63% and 39.17% respectively) and Faya (18.98% and 24.62%). The variety Ngaloum nguegdje is the most attacked by pests: mealybug (n = 14087), green mite (n = 524) and white fly (n = 3102) compared to the variety Kangaba respectively (n = 3042), (n = 229) and (n = 1675). These results will make it possible to adapt a strategy for the management of arthropod pests of cassava in Chad.
© 2018 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Manihot esculenta, bio-aggressors, Phenacoccus manihoti, Mononychellus tanajoa, Bemisia tabaci, Central Africa
