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Dec 19, 2017Keywords:
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Atouts et contraintes de la pisciculture traditionnelle de Bandial (Casamance, Sénégal)
Abstract
Socialement importante, la pisciculture traditionnelle est en déclin en Casamance. Contre cette décadence, cette étude promeut la connaissance et la relance de la pisciculture ancienne. Une analyse diachronique, des poissons élevés, est réalisée à l’aide d’enquêtes. Les données biométriques des poissons ont été collectées et les variables physicochimiques du milieu mesurées. La baisse de la diversité des poissons montre que deux espèces (Galeoïdes decadactylus et Arius heudeuloti) ne sont plus élevées à Bandial. La biomasse obtenue a variée entre 0,16 et 0,24 tonne de poissons/ha/étang. La régression allométrique (Pt = aLtb) indique des pentes de croissance b, parfois majorantes chez Sarotherodon melanotheron et Hemichromis fasciatus. La croissance isométrique a été notée chez Sarotherodon melanotheron, Elops lacerta et les mulets. La croissance négative est notée chez Sarotherodon melanotheron à Yambathine, étang le moins favorable du terroir. L’embonpoint (K) des espèces est compris entre 0,33 et 5,4 g/cm3. K ≥ 1,60 g/cm3 indique d’excellentes conditions environnementales pour les carpes et les mulets. Les variables physico-chimiques du milieu et le potentiel biologique sont favorables à la relance de la pisciculture à Bandial. Il ressort que les conditions environnementales se prêtent au développement de la pisciculture traditionnelle en Basse-Casamance.
© 2017 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.
Mots clés: Etangs, poissons, diversité, conditions, croissance, biomasse
English Title: Assets and constraints of traditional fish breeding in Bandial (Casamance, Senegal)
English Abstract
Traditional fish breeding is in decline in Casamance despite its social importance. To remedy this decline, this study aimed to promote the knowledge and the revival of the traditional fish breeding. A diachronic analysis of breeded fish was carried out using surveys. The biometric data of the fish were collected and the physicochemical variables of the environment measured. The decline in fish diversity showed that two species (Galeoïdes decadactylus and Arius heudeuloti) were no longer breeded in Bandial. The recorded biomass varied between 0.16 and 0.24 tons of fishes / ha / pond. The allometric regression (Pt = aLtb) indicated greater slopes of growth for Sarotherodon melanotheron and Hemichromis fasciatus. An isometric growth was observed for Sarotherodon melanotheron, Elops lacerta and the mullets. A negative growth was noticed for Sarotherodon melanotheron at Yambathine in the least favorable pond in this area. The coefficient of condition (K) of the species was comprised between 0.33 and 5.4 g/cm3. In addition, K ≥ 1.60 g/cm3 indicated excellent environmental conditions for carps and the mullets. The physicochemical variables of the environment and the biological potential were favorable to the revival of traditional fish breeding in Bandial. From this study, we can conclude that environmental conditions are favorable for the development of fish breeding in Low-Casamance.
© 2017 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.
Keywords: ponds, fish, diversity, conditions, growth, biomass
