Urinary tract candidiasis in HIV+ patients and sensitivity patterns of recovered Candida species to antifungal drugs in Dschang District Hospital (Cameroon)

Abstract

The incidence of Candida urinary tract infections is gradually on the rise and is an important public health problem. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of urinary tract candidiasis (candiduria) in HIV positive patients in Dschang District Hospital and the antifungal susceptibility test of isolates. A total of 285 patients were recruited for this study. Midstream urine samples were collected and processed using standard mycological techniques. Candida isolates were identified base on the colony color on CHROMagar. Antifungal susceptibility testing of the isolates was performed by the broth dilution method using four commonly used antifungals. Results showed that 22% of patients had Candida spp in their urine. Candida albicans had a proportion of 37% against 63% for non-albicans Candida. Of the 53 isolates tested, ketoconazole had the highest percentage of resistance (88.6%) follow by fluconazole (64.1.6%), amphotericin B (56.6%) and nystatin (49.0%). The highest sensitivity was observed with nystatin (33.9%) while the lowest was found with ketoconazole (5.6%). In conclusion, the prevalence of candiduria among HIV positive patients in this study was 22%. Candida albicans remain the most frequently involved Candida species. Azole antifungals showed the highest resistance rate against all the Candida species isolates.

Keywords: HIV+ patients, Candiduria, Candida spp, Antifungal susceptibility.