Protective effect of phenylalanine and glycine on chloramphenicol-induced bone marrow toxicity in albino rats infected with Klebsiella Pneumoniae

Abstract

The effect of phenylalanine and glycine on chloramphenicol (CAP) induced bone marrow toxicity in albino rats infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae was investigated. The aim was investigate whether the treatment of the infected rats with either of these amino acids or their combination could reverse the major bone marrow toxicity of CAP. The study lasted for a period of 21 days in which haematological and histopathological changes were monitored in the infected rats. After 7 days, the rats became anaemic after treatment with CAP, but amino acids combined groups suppressed the anaemia and infection to some extent. At the end of 21 days, amino acids combination showed significant (p<0.05) suppression of anaemia except in CAP/Phenylalanine/glycine (group 4). Bone marrow examination showed the mechanism involved in the suppression of anaemia ( amino acids administration triggered RBC compensatory mechanism seen as erythroid hyperplasia and myeloid hypoplasia ). Histopathology changes ranges from hypocellularity in CAP group and fairly normocellularity in CAP/phenylalanine, CAP/glycine and necrotic/degenerative changes in group 4. Single amino acids combination with CAP have obvious protective effect and suppressed the bone marrow toxicity of CAP compared to the combination of the two amino acids with CAP , but all the combinations were effective in enhancing the efficacy of CAP.

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Keywords: Chloramphenicol toxicity, haematoxicity, amino-acids