Information Technologist (The)

Editorial

Evarest C. Madu — Fri, 17 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

No abstract

Emerging technologies in governance: insights from SADC nations

Martin Muduva, Gideon Mazambani, Tavengwa Masamha, Sibusisiwe Dube — Fri, 17 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study explored the role of emerging technologies, including Artificial Intelligence (AI), blockchain and the Internet of Things (IoT), in transforming governance frameworks across the Southern African Development Community (SADC) nations. Governance in the region is characterised by a complex interplay of historical legacies, socio-political dynamics and infrastructure limitations. Emerging technologies offer the potential to enhance transparency, efficiency and citizen engagement in governance, yet their adoption is hindered by infrastructural deficits, digital literacy gaps and regulatory challenges. Through a qualitative research design involving in-depth interviews,
document analysis and case studies of countries such as South Africa, Botswana and Zimbabwe, this paper provides an in-depth analysis of both the opportunities and obstacles associated with the integration of these technologies in public administration. Key findings highlight AI's transformative role in enhancing public service delivery, blockchain’s potential in promoting transparency and IoT’s application in smart city initiatives. However, significant barriers remain, particularly in rural areas with inadequate infrastructure and among public officials lacking digital skills. The study concludes that for SADC nations to fully harness the potential of emerging technologies, comprehensive policy reforms, investments in digital infrastructure and capacity-building initiatives are critical. The research contributes to the understanding of how digital transformation can shape governance in developing regions, offering insights into strategies for successful technology integration and highlighting the importance of regional collaboration to maximise technological benefits in governance.

Integrating cybersecurity and ICT into climate-smart agriculture: a framework for resilient food systems.

Fri, 17 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The increasing integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) into Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) has transformed traditional farming practices, offering innovative solutions to enhance productivity, build resilience to climate change, and
reduce environmental impacts. Technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and blockchain enable real-time monitoring, predictive analytics, and secure supply chain management, aligning with CSA’s goals of sustainability and food security. However, reliance on digital tools has introduced cybersecurity vulnerabilities, including data breaches, ransomware attacks, and IoT exploitation, which threaten the stability and reliability of agricultural systems. This paper proposes a comprehensive framework for integrating cybersecurity into CSA, addressing these vulnerabilities through measures such as risk assessments, data encryption, and AI-driven threat detection. By bridging technological innovation with robust security protocols, the framework ensures the sustainability of digital agricultural systems. The paper also discusses the challenges of implementing such measures, including technological access disparities, high costs, and digital literacy gaps, while highlighting future opportunities to leverage emerging technologies, foster collaboration, and strengthen global policy frameworks. This approach seeks to create resilient, secure, and inclusive agricultural systems that meet the demands of a growing population while mitigating the impacts of climate change.

Assessing sustainable sources of funding for effective service delivery in federal university libraries in North Central, Nigeria

Samuel Otsonu Aboh — Fri, 17 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined sustainable funding sources contributing to effective service delivery in federal university libraries across Nigeria. Employing a descriptive survey research design, the investigation focused on 88 library staff members representing seven federal university libraries in the North Central region, including the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria. Due to the manageable and accessible population size, total enumeration was used. Data collection utilized
three sets of instruments: questionnaires, observation checklists, and structured interview schedules developed by the researcher. Quantitative data gathered through questionnaires were analyzed using mean and standard deviation to address research questions, while Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to test null hypotheses at a significance level of 0.05. Qualitative analysis was conducted on data from the interview schedule, with findings discussed based on a four-point rating scale derived from real limits of numbers. The study revealed that government grants, particularly from TETFund as special needs assessment grants, along with library registration dues, library rates and fees from customized services, and fines generated from the loss of books/readers tickets, constituted the major funding sources for federal university libraries in the North Central region of Nigeria. Notably, TETFund funding emerged as a critical lifeline for sustaining library operations, without which university libraries would face significant challenges. In light of these findings, it is recommended that university libraries urgently seek alternative funding sources to complement traditional avenues. The current funding sources are insufficient to provide the modern facilities necessary for libraries to become ICT compliant. Therefore, diversifying funding streams is essential to ensure the sustainability and effectiveness of library services in federal universities across Nigeria.

The influence of milestone incentives on job performance of librarians in university libraries in Delta State

Monday O. Ogbomo, Confidence Reghagwa Idjai — Fri, 17 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The study investigated the influence of milestone incentives on job performance of librarians in university libraries in Delta State, Nigeria. The study employed the descriptive survey design and used a total enumeration sample technique because it enables the study of the full population, which in this case consists of 134 librarians working within university libraries in Delta State, Nigeria; a systematically organized questionnaire was used to collect data from study respondents. The findings revealed that the level of milestone incentives enjoyed by librarians in university libraries is high, that the level of job performance of librarians at university libraries under this study is also high and that milestone incentives statistically and significantly influence the job performance of librarians at university libraries in Delta State. Given that the level of milestone incentives enjoyed by librarians is high, it is recommended that university libraries continue to provide these incentives, that it is important for university libraries to consistently recognize and reward high-performing librarians, and that university libraries should leverage and possibly expand these incentive programs to further enhance job performance.

Adherence of software engineering stages of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC) in developing applications at some selected software development organization in Kano State

Ameh Joseph Onyeke, Maryam Ibrahim Mukhtar — Fri, 17 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a framework that outlines the various stages of software development, from conception to deployment, and beyond until the software is no longer in use. This study investigated the adherence to software engineering stages of the SDLC within selected software development organizations in Kano State. Data was collected with the use of questionnaire. The findings showed strong adherence across different SDLC stages. During the Requirements Gathering phase, elicitation methods were widely employed, with (90.9%) of organizations using the interview technique. Post-elicitation analysis was common, with all organizations (100%) further analyzing requirements using Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs). In the Design Phase, (81.8%) of the organizations used custom development, (72.7%) created architectural designs, and (81.8%) developed User Interface (UI) designs. In the Implementation Phase, all organizations (100%) utilized Integrated Development Environments (IDEs), while (81.8%) used PHP as their programming language of choice. Good practices such as commenting and code reuse were universally applied. In the Testing Phase, all organizations (100%) conducted Unit, Integration, System, Release, Alpha, Beta, and Acceptance testing. A majority (70%) used a combination of white-box and black-box testing methods. In the Maintenance Phase, all organizations (100%) predominantly performed corrective maintenance and functionality additions. This study aims to contribute to capacity-building and skills development initiatives within the software development community in Kano State by identifying areas of low adherence to SDLC stages and suggesting improvement and training programs.

Assessing the availability and types of information resources in libraries of agricultural colleges in Northwest Nigeria

Baffa Attahir Magaji, Nura Muhhamad Lawan, Sani Musa — Fri, 17 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study assessed the availability and types of information resources in agricultural colleges in Northwest Nigeria, with a focused on the types and scope of resources available in their libraries. Specifically, the objectives of the study were to determine if library collections included both print and electronic formats, to examine whether collections contain agricultural research reports and studies conducted by the colleges or affiliated institutions, and to identify if the collections encompass materials on local indigenous agricultural practices and knowledge. A descriptive survey research design was employed, enabling the research to describe and report findings without manipulation. The population for the study consisted of library management teams from all seven Colleges of Agriculture in Northwest Nigeria, and total enumeration sampling was used to engage the entire population due to its manageable size. Data was collected through an interview guide and analyzed thematically. Results indicate that all participating libraries (100%) provide both printed and non-print information resources. Additionally, all respondents confirmed that their collections include agricultural research reports and studies by the college or its affiliated institutions, as well as materials on local indigenous agricultural practices and knowledge. The study concluded that while agricultural colleges in Northwest Nigeria possess diverse and relevant information resources, further efforts are needed to support and expand these collections. Recommendations for enhancing access and preservation of these resources are provided.

Inclusivity through digital health technologies: enhancing early childhood education and nutrition with accessible ICT solutions

Amoda Omotunde, Esther Babatunde Odunayo, Okeowo Subomi — Fri, 17 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The integration of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) into early childhood education and nutrition has transformed traditional approaches to learning and health promotion. ICT tools, such as gamified applications, interactive platforms, and adaptive learning systems, offer innovative methods to enhance cognitive development, foster social skills, and promote healthy eating behaviors in children. These technologies empower caregivers and educators by providing accessible resources, including tailored
nutrition education and culturally relevant content. Additionally, advanced accessibility features enable inclusivity, ensuring children from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds and those with disabilities benefit equitably. Despite these advancements, barriers such as limited digital literacy, inadequate infrastructure, and affordability persist, hindering widespread adoption in underserved communities. Emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence, virtual reality, and blockchain, further expand the potential of ICT by personalizing learning experiences, enabling immersive education, and improving transparency in nutritional interventions. This paper explored the transformative role of ICT in addressing systemic disparities in early childhood education and nutrition. It highlighted successful implementations, addressed current challenges, and examined future opportunities for leveraging digital innovations. By fostering collaboration among stakeholders and prioritizing inclusivity, ICT can support holistic child development and contribute to equitable health and education outcomes for future generations.

Application of electronic security devices for protection of information resources in Federal Colleges of education libraries in Northwest, Nigeria

Abdullahi Mukhtar Dorayi, Saleh Abdullahi Adam, Yusuf Bako — Fri, 17 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The study investigated information resources security in Federal Colleges of Education libraries in Northwest, Nigeria. The study had two research objectives. The study employed a descriptive survey research design to elicit information from the participants. The researcher purposively selected 17 participants from the study area. The researcher used open-ended interview guide as an instrument for data collection, trustworthiness and transiperabilty were used as a means of validation and reliability of the instrument. The data was collected by administrating interview and analyzed using thematic analysis with open coding. The findings revealed that theft, mutilation, non-return of borrowed items, disasters and cybercrime were the types of security issues in FCE libraries in Northwest, Nigeria. The study further revealed that the FCE libraries use only CCTV and handheld devices in protection of information resources in the library. As such, the study recommends that the college management should provide comprehensive security training to library staff and design security policy can be use punish of the libraries and college libraries under studies should install other types of electronic security devices such as RFID, 3M security gate among others for protection information resources.

Towards knowledge sharing and theory of collaboration among librarians for effective library services delivery in university libraries

Catherine Chinyere Eke, A.O. Unagha, Oliver Ugocha — Fri, 17 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Knowledge sharing is an integral component of contemporary society. Knowledge sharing has been embraced in university libraries for optimal services delivery. This paper advocated for knowledge sharing practice in line with the theory of collaboration among librarians for effective library services delivery in university libraries. The paper examined the concept of knowledge sharing, and their benefits, and types of knowledge shared with knowledge sharing practices in university libraries. The paper also explained the challenges associated with knowledge sharing in university libraries which include lack of knowledge flow, lack of institutional policy to guide knowledge sharing practices, poor team work, amongst others. The theory of collaboration was related to the knowledge sharing practices. The study concluded that librarians are aware of knowledge sharing even though it is yet to been fully adopted in libraries as a means of generating and creating new ideas. Nevertheless, the driving force behind knowledge sharing anchored on effective library services is the human factor known as librarian.

The role of multimedia instructional package in enhancing academic achievement in economics for hearing-impaired students in special needs secondary schools

Fri, 17 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Hearing-impaired students often struggle in traditional classrooms where auditory-based teaching dominates, especially in abstract subjects like Economics. Standard approaches, such as sign language and written text, are insufficient in conveying complex concepts, resulting in poor academic achievements among these students. This paper examined the role of multimedia instructional package in enhancing academic achievement in Economics for hearing-impaired students. The study utilized a non-equivalent pretest-posttest control experimental group design, involving a total of 100 students from the International Model School for the Deaf in Afikpo. From this population, a sample of 58 SS1 students was randomly assigned to either the experimental group (32 students) who were taught using the Multimedia Instructional Package (MIP) or the control group (26 students) taught through sign language methods. Data were gathered using the Economics Achievement Test (EAT). The data analysis was conducted using mean and standard deviation to address the research questions, and an Independent Sample t-test with a significance level of 0.05 was applied to test the null hypotheses. The results indicated that students in the experimental group, taught with MIP, significantly outperformed those in the control group, exhibiting better comprehension, motivation, and academic achievement. The study concluded that incorporating MIP into special needs education, especially in subjects such as Economics, can foster a more inclusive and effective learning environment. It recommended that educators should adopt multimedia tools to improve outcomes for hearing-impaired students and suggests further research into the long- term effects of these instructional package across various subjects and student populations.

Availability of policy on collection development for effective library management practice in colleges of agriculture in North-West, Nigeria

Baffa Attahiru Magaji, Nura Muhhamad Lawan — Fri, 17 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the availability and implementation of collection development policies in colleges of agriculture in Northwest Nigeria. Using a survey design, data was collected from 7 respondents to explore the nature of these policies and their impact on resource management and institutional effectiveness. The findings reveal that while 71.43% of respondents report the existence of a collection development policy, a notable minority (28.57%) indicate its absence, suggesting gaps in awareness or implementation. Additionally, 43% of respondents rely on formal written policies, while 28.5% report either unwritten guidelines or no policy at all, highlighting inconsistencies in policy formulation. The study also found that most institutions prioritize the selection and acquisition of relevant resources, with 60% reviewing policies annually, and 40% conducting less frequent reviews. Compliance levels varied, with 40% reporting high adherence to policies and 60% indicating average compliance due to challenges such as limited resources and unclear guidelines. The study’s results align with existing literature from Australia, Zimbabwe, and Kenya, demonstrating that institutions with formalized, well- enforced policies maintain more relevant collections and experience higher levels of user satisfaction. The study concludes by recommending enhanced communication, formalization, and periodic reviews of collection development policies to ensure more effective resource management and improved institutional outcomes.

Availability and utilization of infopreneurship services in academic libraries: a study of polytechnic libraries in Nigeria

Kate Nkechinyere Ogbu — Fri, 17 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This paper examined availability and utilization of infopreneurship services in academic libraries with a focus on polytechnic libraries in Nigeria. The study assessed the availability of infrastructure and technology integration on infopreneurial services in Polytechnic libraries in Nigeria and the extent of user engagement and satisfaction with infopreneurial services in Polytechnic libraries in Nigeria. A descriptive survey design was adopted by the researcher for this study which was carried out in polytechnic libraries in Nigeria. The population of the study comprised 185 users of public polytechnic libraries in South East Nigeria which were purposively sampled for the study. The instrument for data collection was a self-designed online questionnaire titled “Infopreneurship Services in Polytechnic Libraries in Nigeria” Questionnaire. Data from the questionnaire were analysed using a descriptive statistical technique such as frequency count, Mean (X) and Standard Deviation (SD). The result indicates availability of infrastructure and technology integration on infopreneurial services in Polytechnic libraries in Nigeria. However, the study found out that user engagement and satisfaction with infopreneurial services in Polytechnic libraries in Nigeria is low.

Integrating AI in mental health services: challenges and innovations for information professionals

Fri, 17 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into mental health services is revolutionizing care delivery, offering innovations in diagnostics, personalized treatments, and continuous patient support. AI-driven tools, such as virtual therapists and predictive algorithms, enable early intervention and enhance the accessibility of mental health care. However, the deployment of AI in this field presents challenges, including ethical concerns related to privacy, bias, and the potential depersonalization of care. Information professionals play a critical role in managing AI systems by ensuring ethical data handling, facilitating knowledge management, and collaborating with mental health practitioners. This article explored the challenges and innovations in AI integration for mental health services, highlighting the pivotal role of information professionals in shaping a responsible, effective future for AI-driven mental health care. Emerging trends in AI, such as natural language processing and wearable devices, underscore the need for continuous education and interdisciplinary collaboration to address the evolving demands of this technology.

An exploratory study on barriers to government 3.0 adoption in Zimbabwe

Martin Muduva, Gideon Mazambani, Tavengwa Masamha, Sibusisiwe Dube — Fri, 17 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigated the socio-economic, technical and policy-related barriers to adopting Government 3.0 in Zimbabwe, guided by the Diffusion of Innovations (DOI) Theory. Using qualitative methods, including semi-structured interviews, focus groups and document analysis, the research provided context-specific insights into the challenges hindering digital governance. Socio-economic barriers, such as widespread digital illiteracy, unaffordable internet access and the systemic exclusion of marginalised groups, particularly in rural areas, significantly impede adoption. Technical challenges, including inadequate ICT infrastructure, unreliable internet connectivity and interoperability issues, further exacerbate these limitations. Policy-related barriers, such as outdated regulatory frameworks, bureaucratic resistance and fragmented governance, create a cyclical interplay with socio-economic and technical constraints, further stalling progress. The findings highlight the critical need for targeted interventions, including nationwide digital literacy programs, strategic investments in ICT infrastructure and fostering multi-stakeholder collaboration to align policies and strategies for inclusive governance. Beyond offering actionable recommendations for Zimbabwe, the study contributed to the broader discourse on e-Government adoption in resource-constrained settings, providing valuable insights for similar developing nations. It emphased the importance of enabling factors, such as demonstrative pilot projects and gender-focused initiatives, to enhance compatibility, observability and adoption of Government 3.0 systems. Additionally, the research identified avenues for future studies, including quantitative validation, the exploration of socio-cultural dynamics and longitudinal assessments of digital transformation initiatives. This study served as a foundational step toward bridging the digital divide and fostering inclusive, efficient and sustainable governance through the adoption of advanced digital technologies.