Die vroeë kommunikasieontwikkeling van 'n groep babas met pediatriese MIV / Vigs in sorgsentrums

Abstract

Die hoë prevalensie en ernstige gevolge van die pediatriese menslike immuniteitsgebrek-virus (MIV / VIGS) in Suid-Afrika stel groot uitdagings aan klinici betrokke by vroeë intervensie om toepaslike interdissiplinêre programme te ontwikkel vir primêre voorkoming van oordrag van die virus asook sekondêre intervensies gerig op die vroeë hantering van die babas se unieke kombinasie van ernstige gesondheidsprobleme, neuro-ontwikkelingsbehoeftes en versorgingsomstandighede. Die studie was 'n verkennende, beskrywende opname met die doel om die vroeë kommunikasieontwikkeling van tien 6-12 maande oue babas met pediatriese MIV / VIGS in twee sorgsentrums in Gauteng te beskryf. Neonatale risikofaktore soos lae geboortegewig en prematuriteit is by die proefpersone geïdentifiseer. Herhaaldelike siektetoestande, abnormale middeloorfunksionering aanduidend van otitis media, en oormatige hoeveelhede oorwas het voorgekom. Die resultate het ook aangetoon dat beperkte geleentheid vir die ontwikkeling van interaksie-gehegtheid tussen die proefpersone en sorggewers voorgekom het. 'n Algemene ontwikkelingsagterstand, veral met betrekking tot hulle kommunikasieontwikkeling, is by al die proefpersone gevind. Die vertraagde kommunikasieontwikkeling kan met beide die pediatriese MIV / VIGS-status asook nie-optimale sorggewer-baba-interaksie en -stimulasie in die sorgsentrums verband hou. Die studie beklemtoon die belang van toepaslike vroeë kommunikasie-intervensiedienste aan babas met pediatriese MIV / VIGS in sorgsentrums in Suid-Afrika.


The high prevalence and serious sequelae of the pediatric human immunodeficiency virus (HIV / AIDS) in South Africa pose great challenges for clinicians involved in early intervention to develop appropriate interdisciplinary programmes for primary prevention of transmission of the virus as well as secondary interventions directed at the early management of the unique combination of serious health problems, neuro-developmental needs and caregiving circumstances of the infants. This study was an explorative, descriptive survey with the aim to describe the early communication development of ten 6-12 month old infants with pediatric HIV / AIDS in two care centres in Gauteng. Neonatal risk factors identified in the subjects were low birth weight and prematurity. Recurrent illnesses, abnormal middle ear functioning indicative of otitis media, and excessive amounts of ear wax occurred. The results also indicated limited opportunity for the development of interaction-attachment between the subjects and their caregivers. A general developmental delay, particularly with regard to their communication development, was present in all the subjects. The delayed communication development can be associated with both their HIV / AIDS status as well as the non-optimal caregiver-infant interaction and stimulation in the care centres. The study emphasises the importance of appropriate early communication intervention services to infants with pediatric HIV / AIDS in care centres in South Africa.


Key words: Pediatric HIV / Aids, Early communication development, Care centres, Interaction-attachment, Early communication intervention, Pediatriese MIV / Vigs, Vroeë kommunikasie-ontwikkeling, Sorgsentrums, Interaksie-gehegtheid, Vroeë kommunikasie-intervensie


(Health SA Gesondheid: 2003 8(2): 34-47)