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Review Article: Thyroid Function test in pregnancy
Abstract
Disease of the thyroid gland has been implicated in many reproductive system disorders like menstrual irregularities, infertility, premenstrual syndromes and recurrent abortions (1).
Severely, hypothyroid patients do not become pregnant because of elevated levels of prolactin found in their circulation. The high level prevents ovarian follicular development and maturation (2,3).
Hyperthyroid patients with severe thyrotoxicosis may have menstrual irregularities like altered intermenstrual intervals, reduced menstrual flow and amenorrhoea (2,3). Most cases of hyperthyroidism however, still remain ovulatory and get pregnant. These severe cases with ovulatory cycles have increased risk of spontaneous abortions (3).
Pregnancy is a hyperoestrogenic state due to increased metabolism of androgens to oestrogens (4). These oestrogens induce formation of plasma proteins, particularly thyroid hormone binding globulin, but there is no increase in the production of proteins of liver origin like albumin and pre-albumin (5,6).
Highland Medical Research Journal Vol.1(4) 2003: 3-8
Severely, hypothyroid patients do not become pregnant because of elevated levels of prolactin found in their circulation. The high level prevents ovarian follicular development and maturation (2,3).
Hyperthyroid patients with severe thyrotoxicosis may have menstrual irregularities like altered intermenstrual intervals, reduced menstrual flow and amenorrhoea (2,3). Most cases of hyperthyroidism however, still remain ovulatory and get pregnant. These severe cases with ovulatory cycles have increased risk of spontaneous abortions (3).
Pregnancy is a hyperoestrogenic state due to increased metabolism of androgens to oestrogens (4). These oestrogens induce formation of plasma proteins, particularly thyroid hormone binding globulin, but there is no increase in the production of proteins of liver origin like albumin and pre-albumin (5,6).
Highland Medical Research Journal Vol.1(4) 2003: 3-8
