Otorhinolaryngological myiasis: the problem and its presentations in the weak and forgotten

Abstract

Introduction: Myiasis is common in tropical regions, but now increasing incidence is seen in the west due to international travel. Otorhinolaryngological myiasis is uncommon and is seen in diabetics, alcoholics or patients unable in self-care.
Objectives: To study presentations of otorhinolaryngological myiasis, identify associated risk factors and species of flies causing myiasis.
Methods: Clinical findings and co-morbidities of 67 myiasis cases were noted. Maggots were identified, manually removed, and patients were managed with topical treatment, systemic ivermectin and antibiotics.
Findings: Thirty-three nasal myiasis, 13 aural myiasis and 5 patients with oral myiasis were noted. Seven patients with head neck wounds myiasis and nine patients of tracheostome myiasis were recorded.
Discussion: Warm humid climate of tropical regions is a major concern along with co-existing conditions like poor sanitation, alcoholism, psychiatric diseases and neuropathies. Hesitancy is seen in attendants and health care professionals to deal with myiasis.
Conclusion: Awareness about risk factors is important in avoiding myiasis along with prompt treatment which reduces morbidity. Tracheostome myiasis is an under-documented entity rather than a rare presentation.
Keywords: Myiasis, Ivermectin, screwworm, Chrysomya bezziana, Musca domestica, Lucilia sericata.
Funding: None