Effect of nicotinic acid on Haemoglobin-S (Hbs) gelation and osmotic fragility of Hbs erythrocytes

Abstract

Various concentrations (1.00, 1.25, 1.67, 2.50, 5.00 and 10mM) of nicotinic acid were tested for their possible effects on HbS gelation (polymerization) and osmotic fragility rate of HbS erythrocytes. The results indicated an inhibition of HbS gelation by nicotinic acid in a concentration-dependent manner. For instance, at concentrations of 1mM and 10mM nicotinic acid, HbS gelation was reduced by 8.93% and 21.43% respectively, after a 10 minute incubation.

Similarly, a significant (P<0.05) reduction in HbS erythrocyte fragility was observed in the presence of the vitamin. The reduction in HbS erythrocyte fragility was also concentration-dependent. For instance, at saline concentration of 0.3% and at nicotinic acid concentrations of 1mM and 10mM, HbS erythrocyte haemolysis was reduced by 18.48% and 50.00% respectively. Nicotinic acid could therefore be considered a necessary and beneficial factor in the diet of sickle cell patients.



Key words: Nicotinic acid, Haemoglobin S, Gelation, Osmotic Fragility, Erythrocytes


(Global J Med Sci: 2003 2(1): 59-63)