Scavenging for wealth or death? Exploring the health risk associated with waste scavenging in Kumasi, Ghana

Abstract

By sheer dint of necessity, the urban poor in Ghana have invented an endless series of survival strategies to endure the high rate of  unemployment and widespread poverty by engaging in occupations such as waste scavenging. Whilst literature is replete with evidence of the economic significance of this livelihood activity, there is scanty empirical work on its health implications. This study examines the health implications associated with the occupation, using scavengers in Kumasi as a case study. The research is based on data collected through 10 key informant interviews with stakeholders in waste management and 30 personal interviews with waste scavengers drawn equally from the three largest solid waste dumpsites in the metropolis. The study reveals how scavengers are exposed daily to a myriad life threatening health problems as they sift for recyclable products. The paper concedes that given the economic implication of the enterprise, it is important that they benefit from  intervention programs that can reduce the adverse health outcomes associated with their job.

Key words: scavenging; waste; livelihood activity; wealth; health