Trend Analysis of Raw Water Parameters in River Benue at the Reach of Makurdi, Nigeria

Abstract

This study ascertained the extent of pollution of the water body of river Benue at the reach of Makurdi. Trend analysis gives an insight to the possible outcome over a period of time in data processing. In this study, available data for twelve points ranging from 1 – 12m distance, and some laboratory analysis were used to estimate the trend of Escherichia Coli (E.coli), Biochemical oxygen Demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in river Benue at the reach of Makurdi, Benue State. The concentration of E.coli ranged from 584.7 cfu/100ml to 1067.1 cfu/100ml, BOD values ranged from 727.3 mg/l to 870.4mg/l and COD values ranged from 1454.7mg/l to 1758.6mg/l. The values increased with distance with the highest E-coli, BOD and COD at the 12m distance. Three regression models for trend projection were developed. The trend shows that, the water quality of river Benue is not pleasant. Some recommendations are made and if adopted will help to improve the quality of the water for consumption and other recreational purposes.

Keywords: Trend Analysis, River Benue, Water Quality, Pollution, Raw Water