Comparative efficacy of some botanical insecticides in the control of eggplant fruit and shoot borer (leucinodes orbonalis guenee)

Abstract

An Experiment was conducted from December, 2021 to April, 2022 in an open field of the Teaching and Research Farm of Akwa Ibom State University, Obio Akpa Campused to evaluate the efficacy of botanical insecticides in the control of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) fruit and shoot borer (EFSB) Leucinodes orbonalis Guenne), Four week-old eggplant seedlings (ARJANI FI) were transplanted to bags filled with 30kg top soil, each. There were nine insecticide treatments (T₀ = Control (No insecticide), T₁ = Scent leaf extract (SLE 10% w/v), T₂ = Pawpaw leaf extract (PLE 10% w/v), T₃ = Neem leaf extract (NLE 5% w/v), T₄ = Neem oil (N.O 3% v/v), T₅ = Neem oil (N.O 5% v/v), T₆ = Garlic bulb extract (GBE 3% v/v), T₇ = Emamectin Benzoate (EB 1.33g/L) and T₈ = Neemsol (0.2% v/v).  Plants were sprayed three times: four weeks after transplanting (4WAT), 6WAT and 8WAT.  The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design.  Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and means compared at 5% probability level using Student-Newman-Keuls Test. The results obtained showed that the insecticide treated plants significantly (P< 0.05) had lower percentage of fruit and shoot infestation by EFSB relative to the untreated plants.  The unsprayed plant significantly (P< 0.05) had the highest percentage of Fruit infestation by both number and weight basis. Fruits from the untreated plants had significantly (P< 0.05) more number of bored holes and larvae than the insecticide treated plants. Among the insecticide treatments, EB and N.O 5% had plants with significantly lower shoot infestation (10.42 and 12.50%), fruit infestation by weight (17.07 and 25.60%), number of larvae/fruit (0.33 and 1.00), respectively.  The botanicals tested in this work could be incorporated into integrated pest management programme of eggplant fruit and shoot borer. Therefore, Emamectin Benzoate was observed to be the best and hence recommended treatment based on parameters measured.