Capability and suitability evaluations of fadama soils for selected crops in the Nigerian Sudan savanna

Abstract

Capability and suitability of fadama soils for selected crops at Yayu, Gwasamai and Alamari in Katagum Local Government Area (LGA) of Bauchi State were evaluated as a case study of the similar soils in Nigerian Sudan savanna. Soil samples from each identified genetic horizons of profile pit at each site were analysed for some physico-chemical properties. For evaluation, the fertility capability classification (FCC), index of capability (IC) and land suitability classification (LSC) using the limiting condition principle were compared. Results showed that while the FCC and LSC gave similar and more acceptable evaluations, the IC tended to underscore (1.30-3.46%) the capability of soils. The fadama soils at Yayu, Gwasamai and Alamari were classified as Lcge, Leh and Lcegh, respectively using the FCC and found moderately suitable (S2) for all the crops considered. The exceptions were rice and sugarcane at Yayu, and maize at Alamari for which the soils were marginally suitable (S3). Based on the present suitability assessments, maize, wheat and onion cultivation could be suggested for the fadama land at Yayu, maize and/or onion for that at Gwasamai, and maize, rice and sugarcane for that at Alamari. Organic manuring to improve the CEC, nutrient status and drainage is suggested. Liming of the soils at Gwasamai and Alamari could be beneficial.

Keywords: capability, suitability, fadama, Sudan savanna

Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol. 4(2) 2005: 119-124