Climate change-exacerbated herds-men’s migration with its attendant herdsmen’s-farmers’ conflicts and victims’ fractured personalities: implications for community reintegration: A literature review of central Nigeria

Abstract

The study reviewed the literature on climate change-exacerbated herdsmen’s migration with its attendant herdsmen’s-farmers’ Conflicts  and Victims’ fractured personalities: Implications for Community Reintegration: A Literature Review of Central Nigeria. The study focused  on the impact of climate change induced herdsmen’s migration with its consequent herdsmen’s-farmers’ conflicts and victims’ fractured  personalities. For data collection, we used searching tools, including: African Journals Online, PsycINFO, African Index Medicus, Eastern  Mediterranean Index Medicus, PubMed, and Web of Knowledge. The findings includes: first, herdsmen’s-farmers conflicts are more  prevalent in Central Nigeria, as well as maculation of areas in the Southern geopolitical zones of the country. We observed that, the  conflicts are further exacerbated by the frequency of the migration of herdsmen from far northern regions of Nigeria to the southern  parts of the country through Central Nigeria in search of pastures for their Cattles. The finding agrees with what Clement and Shelford  (1939) reported that, climatic conditions have the capacity to effects behavioral changes in interpersonal relationships. Second, the study  also finds possible corroboration between territorial protectionism and herdsmen’sfarmers’ conflicts. This is in line with Doherty and  Clayton (2011); Dougherty and Pfaltzgraff, (1996) who variously reported that, interaction between human vulnerability in situations of  conflict associated with environmental problems, including: climate change, drought, and erosion have significant causal links and  heightening contestant between groups. The study also find that, herdsmen’s-farmers’ conflicts involves destruction of human life and  properties, displacement of farmers from their ancestral homes into internal displaced people’s Camps, leading to fractured personality,  including: physical, mental, social, emotional and moral instability. As such, it is concluded that, North Central Nigeria is the most affected  region in terms of herdsmen’s-farmers’ conflicts.