The evolution of human resource management: from basic services to strategic planning, sustainability and technology

Abstract

Human resource management (HRM) has undergone significant evolution, transitioning from personnel management to strategic human resource management (SHRM). This literature review explores the key concepts and theories that have shaped the field of HRM, highlighting its evolution and the factors influencing it. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of the evolution of HRM, from its origins to its current focus on SHRM. By examining the literature, this review aims to identify the key concepts and theories that have contributed to the development of HRM as a strategic function. This paper adopts a literature review approach, drawing upon scholarly articles, books, and reputable sources to analyse and synthesise the existing knowledge on HRM. Peer-reviewed publications were selected to ensure academic rigor and credibility. The review highlights several key concepts and theories that have shaped the field of HRM. These include the Harvard framework, the resource-based view of the firm, talent management, employee engagement, and organizational culture. The role of HRM in achieving organizational sustainability through corporate social responsibility and sustainable HR practices is also explored. Additionally, the impact of technology and globalization on HRM and their effects on the field are discussed. The evolution of HRM from personnel management to SHRM has been driven by various factors, including changes in organizational needs, advancements in technology, and globalization. This literature review provides insights into the current state of HRM, its key concepts and theories, and the challenges and opportunities it faces. The findings suggest that organizations should focus on strategic planning, sustainable HR practices, effective management of diverse and remote teams, and staying updated on technological advancements. By embracing these recommendations, organizations can adapt to the evolving landscape of HRM and enhance their strategic capabilities.