Predictive Models and Optimization of Strengths and Durability of Self-Compacting Concrete Admixed with Styrofoam

Abstract

Shredded Styrofoam beds are often discarded in port regions and have also been utilized as protective packaging for electronic devices to avoid damage. Ensuring sustainability in engineering is incredibly important, as excessive use of construction materials contributes to the step-down of natural resources. The aim of this study is to examine the use of shredded Styrofoam beds to optimize and create prediction models regarding the strength and durability of self-consolidating SCC that incorporates fine aggregates and Styrofoam, employing the response surface method. The characteristics of SCC met the relevant standards. The optimal Styrofoam content was identified with fine aggregate replacement levels of 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 %, utilizing 1:2.29:1.67 and 0.55 as a mix ratio and water-cement ratio respectively. A statistical analysis was performed on the laboratory experimental results using Design Expert software. Additionally, predictive models for the strength and durability of SCC incorporating Styrofoam were established. The findings indicated that the models demonstrated R² values of 89.37 %, 93.05 %, and 98.16 % for compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and water absorption of the concrete, respectively. Moreover, the optimal parameters of 0.3 % Styrofoam content and a curing period of 28 days were determined, resulting in strength and durability metrics of 17.865 N/mm², 2.285 N/mm², and 0.75 % for compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and water absorption of the concrete, respectively. Therefore, Styrofoam is suggested for use in the formation of lightweight SCC, and the developed models can be utilized to predict the strengths and durability of lightweight SCC using Styrofoam as a replacement for fine aggregate.