A Review on Optimal Temperature Control of Milk Pasteurization Using Extremum Seeking Based Proportional Integral Derivative Controller

Abstract

Milk is a rich nutrient white liquid food produced by the mammary gland of mammals vulnerable to bacteria that cause diseases to the human health. In a dairy plant, pasteurization process is the best heating procedure for a milk. It can be performed under High Temperature Short Time (HTST) or Low Temperature Long Time (LTLT). However, optimal temperature stability control has been a major challenge for milk pasteurization in a dairy plant due to non-linearity, time delay schemes, inaccuracy and unrealistic parameter variation of the modern and manual tuning techniques used without incorporate a numerous adaptive tuning control method. Therefore, this article proposed an optimization tuning technique of Extremum Seeking (ES) based Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller to optimize the heating process and eliminate the external perturbation of the system. In this article, a closed loop mathematical equation model using ES-PID controller was developed proposed to achieve the optimal performance characteristics. The due technique is expected to eliminate the offset of the system and minimize the percentage overshoot.