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Published:
Mar 6, 2025DOI:
10.4314/emj.v63i1.3Keywords:
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Main Article Content
Clinical, pathologic, and endoscopic characteristics of esophageal cancer patients at St. Paul´s Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A five year retrospective review
Abstract
Background: Esophageal cancer is the eighth leading cancer and the top sixth cause of cancer mortality worldwide. According to Globocan 2012 estimate, in Ethiopia, esophageal cancer ranks the seventh and eighth as the leading cause of cancer mortality and morbidity respectively.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study using record review was employed at Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit and Department of Pathology of SPHMMC with the aim to assess the clinical, pathological and endoscopic characteristics of esophageal cancer patient attending at St Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC) from January, 2015 to December, 2019 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. . All newly confirmed esophageal cancer patients (n=255) who were registered at SPHMMC from January 2015 to December 2019 were included in this study. Patients chart, Endoscopy report and Histology data were reviewed . Finally, basic descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, median), bivariate and multivariable analysis were performed.
Result: A total of 255 esophageal cancer patients’ charts were reviewed. and 222 patients have confirmed Histology report of esophageal cancer. There were 173 (77.9%) cases of squamous cell carcinoma. The mean age at diagnosis was 57 years with comparable male to female ratio. The Upper , middle . lower esophagus are involved in 10.4%,38.4%, and 48.6% of the patients respectively. Most patients 220(86.6%) seek esophagogastrduodenoscopy for dysphagia and only 15(6.8%) of patients have staging work up and majority presented at stage (80%).
Conclusion: Squamous cell carcinoma was the most predominant histologic type followed by adenocarcinoma affecting males and females equally. Most of the esophageal cancer patients were diagnosed in advanced stages affecting the treatment outcome of esophageal patients.
