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Aug 4, 2023Keywords:
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Microbiological culture profile and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of patients admitted to Addis Ababa intensive care units
Abstract
Background: Intensive care unit infections are health care problems affecting millions globally each year. Intensive care unit mortality of infectious patients is increasing and as high as 14.31% to 45.4%. This study aimed to determine the microbiological culture profile and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of patients admitted to two intensive care units in Addis Ababa.
Methods and materials: An institutional-based retrospective observational study was carried out on all patients with microbiological culture and susceptibility results after admission to the adult intensive care unit at two Addis Ababa hospitals from January 2019 to December 2019. Data were collected by trained data collectors using a standard and pretested questionnaire. Collected data were coded, entered into Epi-Info, and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Correlation and regression analysis was used for assessing associations. A p-value of less than 0.05 was taken as significant.
Results: A total of 106 patients with 173 culture results were analyzed. The majority, 68(64.2%), were males. The mean age of the patients was 35.08±1.6 years. The most common documented source of infection was the pulmonary system 84(54.5%), followed by urinary tract infection 26(16.9%). Forty-four (25.43%) of cultures had growth. Gram-negative was identified in 35(68.63%) isolates. Acinetobacter species account for 10(28.57%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae and E. coli 7(13.725%) respectively. Higher antimicrobial resistance was shown to cephalosporin and penicillin. The mortality rate among subjects was 32.1%.
Conclusion and Recommendations: Pulmonary source being the common infection site, resistant gram negatives were the predominant microorganisms identified. Designs of future multicenter and prospectively designed studies are crucial to improve the outcome of critically ill patients.
