Two sides of a coin: image of Ethiopia in the US until 1935

Abstract

This study explores the image of Ethiopia in the US until 1935. It is historical research based on qualitative content analysis. The sources were historical newspapers, books, journal articles, and websites. Based on these sources, the image of Ethiopia was explored in the US in two periods – before and after Adwa. In each of those periods, Ethiopia had two contradictory images which appeared at the same time. In the pre-Adwa period Ethiopia was a redeemer and dignified black nation for African-Americans, but land of black barbarians and savage for the racists. Besides, after Adwa Ethiopia continued as a symbol of freedom for the African-Americans, but it became a Caucasian civilized nation for the racists. Adwa enhanced Ethiopia’s symbol of freedom for the African-Americans. Conversely, Ethiopia was transformed from barbaric Negro to civilized Caucasian in the view of racists.