Treatment Pattern and Factors Associated with Blood Pressure and Fasting Plasma Glucose Control among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Police Referral Hospital in Ethiopia

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of T2DM in Ethiopia is on the rise according to certain studies. Appropriate management approaches are required to achieve desired goals of therapy in the clinical setup. This study was conducted to assess the treatment pattern and the factors associated with BP and FPG control among patients with T2DM in Federal Police Referral Hospital.
METHOD: An institution based cross sectional study was conducted from 15th October 2016 to 15th January 2017. A Systematic random sampling technique was employed in selecting the study participants. Data was collected using semi-structured interview and visiting medication records. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis.
RESULTS: Out of a total of 414 participants who fulfilled the inclusion criteria, 361 were successfully interviewed and considered for further analysis. Target BP level was achieved in 206(57.1%) of the patients, whereas the proportion of hypertensive diabetics who attained the recommended BP target was 19.4% (n=40). Of the 361 participants who were checked about their current FPG level, only 142(39.3%) were found to be <130mg/dl. However, 87(24.1%) participants were found to control both BP and FPG levels. Gender, military status, comorbidity, type of
therapy and dietary adherence showed a statistically significant association with outcome variables.
CONCLUSION: The proportion of participants with T2DM who achieved target BP, FPG or both was suboptimal. A comprehensive
approach that involves targeted education on self-management strategies, individualized treatment plans, and continuous evaluation of treatment outcomes should be practiced.
KEYWORDS: Blood pressure, Cross sectional study, Ethiopia, Fasting plasma glucose control, type 2 diabetes mellitus