Role of Subcutaneous drains in reducing post Caesarean section wound complications in obese women: Review article

Abstract

Background: Obese pregnant female is at an elevated risk of developing infection of surgical site and Caesarean sections. Approximately ten percent of obese Caesarean section (CS) cases develop surgical site infections, despite the use of precautionary measures such as antibiotics. The local hypoxic response is influenced by both obesity-associated inflammation & the resultant vascular dysfunction that results. Infection of surgical site is a greater possibility to happen in cases suffer from hypoxia, which decrease the oxidative bacterial death. Obesity is a severe health concern that has a significant impact on a variety of organ functions & operations, such as wound repair, seromas, dehiscence, & hematomas, particularly following a CS.
Objectives: This review article to through the light on efforts to decrease postoperative complications. It is recommended that the duration of operation be reduced, antibiotics be administered during the technique, the surgical site be irrigated, & waste space be eliminated, among other measures.
Methods: Obese women, Caesarean section, Subcutaneous drains and complications were all searched by Science Direct, Google Scholar, and PubMed. The writers also assessed references from pertinent literature, although they only included the most recent or comprehensive study, which ran from January 2013 to May 2024. Documents in languages other than English were not included since there are insufficient sources available for translation. Excluded papers included dissertations, conference abstracts, unpublished publications, oral presentations, and other works not included in longer scientific investigations.
Conclusion: The results of subcutaneous tissue closure indicate that the interrupted suturing procedure is more effective than the continuous procedure in cases who suffer from obesity in terms of wound complications. However, the surgery duration is longer. Future studies must incorporate a broader range of variables that could potentially influence the outcome, as operator performance variability, pain of the wound following the operation, & cosmetic outcomes, with a more diverse cases population.