Efficacy and safety of left gastric artery embolization in obesity management: a comprehensive review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background: Obesity is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Left Gastric Artery Embolization (LGAE) has gained attention as a minimally invasive technique for weight reduction, though its effectiveness and safety continue to be scrutinized.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness, safety, and clinical outcomes of LGAE in the context of bariatric treatment by compiling and analyzing data from relevant studies.
Methodology: A thorough systematic review and meta-analysis search of electronic databases was performed to identify studies reporting the results of LGAE in obese patients. Ten studies that met the inclusion criteria were included in the meta-analysis. Key data on weight reduction, BMI change, and ghrelin levels before and after LGAE were extracted and analyzed using random-effects models.
Results: A significant weight reduction was observed post-LGAE, with a pooled mean difference of -8.24 kg (95% CI: -11.63 to -4.85, p < 0.00001). BMI also significantly decreased, with a pooled mean difference of -2.89 kg/m² (95% CI: -4.13 to -1.64, p < 0.00001). Ghrelin levels showed a marked reduction following the procedure, with a pooled mean difference of -98.05 pg/ml (95% CI: -132.12 to -63.97, p < 0.00001). The rate of serious adverse events was low.
Conclusion: This meta-analysis offered strong evidence supporting the use of LGAE as an effective and safe option for managing obesity. The procedure resulted in notable weight loss, BMI reduction, and decreased ghrelin levels, with minimal adverse events. Although LGAE presents a promising alternative to traditional bariatric methods, further studies are necessary to clarify its long-term outcomes.