Serum Malondialdehyde (MDA) as Predictor for Severity of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

Abstract

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) occurs when the heart's myocardium receives an insufficient blood and oxygen supply.  

Objective: This study aimed to measure serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in CAD patients and examine their association with the  disease's severity.

Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study involved 75 patients who underwent diagnostic  coronary angiography to diagnose CAD. Patients were categorized into three groups based on their SYNTAX scores: the first group had  mild CAD (SYNTAX score: ≤22), the second group had moderate CAD (SYNTAX score: 23-32), and the third group had severe CAD (SYNTAX  score: ≥33).

Results: The optimal MDA cutoff point for distinguishing between low and intermediate risk was >279.5 ng/ml, with a sensitivity of 83.3% and a specificity of 58.9%. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.796, which was statistically significant (p=0.001). For  differentiating between intermediate and high risk, the best MDA cutoff point was >342 ng/ml, with a sensitivity of 85.7% and a specificity  of 91.7%. The AUC was 0.988, which was statistically significant (p<0.001).

Conclusion: Serum MDA levels could serve as a non-invasive  biomarker to assess the severity of CAD, aligning with the findings from coronary angiography.