SARS-CoV-2: Immunoglobulins levels in Infected and Post-Vaccinated Subjects

Abstract

Background: There is currently a lack of clarity on the length and type of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The predominant  immune response to infection in humans is thought to be due to their presumed lack of immunological experience with SARS-CoV-2. 

Objective: This study aimed to use IgG and IgM titre of SARS-CoV-2 for vaccine efficacy assessment. Materials and methods: This study  was conducted on a cohort of 82 individuals; 41 subjects were positive COVID-19 and 41 subjects taking COVID-19 vaccine in Zagazig,  Sharkia. All patients had comprehensive medical histories taken, physical exams performed, and blood samples taken in order to  evaluate the following: ELISAbased quantitative serological IgM and IgG levels were measured three weeks following the second dose of  the Sinopharm and AstraZeneca vaccines, in addition to a full blood count.

Results: The results showed that IgM and IgG were  significantly higher among Infected subjects compared to vaccinated subjects. We also noted that there was no significant association  between IgM & IgG and age & gender or comorbidities. Regarding side effects, flu symptoms were the most prevalent side effects that  were found in 26.8% of the patients, shoulder edema in 14.6% and local irritation in 2.4%.

Conclusions: IgG and IgM are good parameters  for COVID-19 infection follow up and a significant indictor for vaccination effectiveness for prevention of transmission of  SARS-Cov-2.