Association of Hypoalbuminemia in Preeclampsia with Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes

Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia-eclampsia (PE) accounts for 18% of maternal mortality globally, with a frequency of 5–10%. Increased  capillary permeability brought on by proteinuria and endothelial degradation reduces albuminemia in PE. Interstitial edema and a drop in  blood volume are caused by a reduction in colloid osmotic pressure (PCO), which activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone  pathway.

Aim: To analyze and appraise the outcomes for mothers and babies in preeclampsia (PE) based on serum albumin levels.  

Patients and Methods: At Al Hussein University Hospital, a prospective cross-sectional study was carried out from June to December of  2023. 100 pregnant women with preeclampsia participated in the study. The women were split into two groups: group A had mild  hypoalbuminemia with an albumin value of ≤25g/L and group B had severe hypoalbuminemia.

Results: There was significant difference  in mild hypoalbuminemia at different times regarding serum albumin that was lower at 35 weeks than 26 weeks and 6-9 weeks and  dipstick albuminuria that was higher at 35 weeks than 26 weeks and 6-9 weeks. Also, there was significant difference in severe  hypoalbuminemia group at different times regarding serum albumin that was lower at 35 weeks than 26 weeks and 6-9 weeks and  dipstick albuminuria that was higher at 35 weeks than 26 weeks and 6-9 weeks.

Conclusion: Pregnancy should be closely monitored for  severe hypoalbuminemic pre-eclampsia since it is linked to a higher risk of negative outcomes for both the mother and the newborn than  mild hypoalbuminemic pre-eclampsia.