Investigating Alopecia Areata and its Connection to The High-Mobility Group Box 1: Review Article

Abstract

Background: It is a common and reversible hair loss illness known as alopecia areata (AA). Hair loss on the scalp and other regions of the body can begin as a patchy area of full hair loss which may develop to the entire loss of all hair on the body. It is uncertain what causes AA but it is characterized by hair cycle disruption and the presence of mononuclear cell infiltrates in the perifollicular, as well as peribulbar areas. There have been numerous studies that have shown that AA has been linked to various autoimmune illnesses, including vitiligo. Autoimmune disease is becoming more prevalent, and researchers have found a link between chronic inflammation and HMGB1 (high-mobility group box 1).

Objective: To evaluate the role of (HMGB1) protein in pathogenesis of AA.

Conclusion: HMGB1 is a promising predictor of prognosis and treatment responsiveness in the pathophysiology of alopecia areata.