Serum Soluble CD93 as a Biomarker of Asthma Exacerbation in Children

Abstract

Background: Asthma is considered one of the most prevalent diseases affecting over than 300 million individuals worldwide. Soluble CD93 was normally detected in human plasma and induced by the inflammatory mediators TNF-α and LPS, suggesting that physiologic pathways trigger the cleavage event.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of serum soluble CD93 level in acute asthma exacerbation in children and to find if there is a relation between serum level of soluble CD93 and acute exacerbations of asthma among children.

Patients and Methods: Our study included 30 patients who were diagnosed as acute asthmatics with acute exacerbation (diagnosed and classified according to GINA 2018) as group I. Group Π, which included the same 30 patients after receiving treatment and relieve of symptoms by clinical examination as well as routine laboratory investigations that confirmed their healthy state. Plasma sCD93 concentration using ELISA (at the time of exacerbation and repeated on the follow up day) and spirometry were done.

Results: Regarding severity (after classification of cases into intermittent, mild and moderate), there was no statistical significance difference in severity either pre- or post-treatment. Regarding sCD93, there was statistical significance reduction in sCD 93 level post-treatment compared to pre-treatment in all cases. There were no statistical significance relation between gender, residence and family history and sCD 93 levels among the studied group. There were no statistical significance relation between WBCs and x-ray and sCD 93 levels among the studied group.

Conclusion: sCD93 was not affected by gender or age and did not affect by reliever or controller medications. sCD93 showed a modest decrease in the controlled stage of asthma, which allowed to interpret its role as inflammatory biomarker.