Epidemiological and Clinico-Pathological Characteristics of Bladder Cancer at Clinical Oncology Department, Zagazig University: Retrospective Analysis

Abstract

Background: Bladder cancer is the ninth most common cancer worldwide, with an estimated 430 000 new cases in 2012. Transitional Cell Carcinoma (TCC) represents 90% to 95% of malignant bladder tumors.
Objective: This retrospective observational study was done to analyze age, gender, histological characteristics in patients with bladder cancer.
Patients and Methods: The whole number of UBC cases diagnosed, treated at the Clinical Oncology Department, Zagazig University Hospital, Sharkia, Egypt from 2013 to 2018 was found in 328 cases; 270 males (82.3%) and 58 females (17.7%). Major clinic-pathological parameters were systematically collected from records and investigated in this study.
Results: In the present study, the age of the patients ranged between 26 to 92 years, more than half of cases (69.2%) were >60 years. 73.2% of cases live in Rural areas and only 26.8% were Urban. In our study, 86.6% don’t have Bilharziasis and only presented at 13.4%. More than half of them were smokers (63.7%). Our study showed that 78.3% of cases were of the urothelial type of carcinoma. Our study showed that 60% of tumors were less than 3cm, 34.8% were from 3-5cm, 5.2% were more than 5 cm. As regard the tumor grade, 52.7 were of grade III, 27.7% were of grade II, 19.5% were grade I, 98.2% had no CIS, 95.1% had no LVI, 84.5% had lamina propria invasion, 66.4% had muscle invasion, 80.75 had no extravesical extension.
Conclusion: Bladder cancer occurs most commonly in the elderly with male predominance. Hematuria was the most common complaint of patients with bladder cancer.